Appraisal on the use of excel software for result of students in Business education (case of study is optional )

Excel is one of the computer application used in the computation of students results and solution of other mathematical problems..... it is one of the basics of programmes designed by Microsoft company used in data documentation and analysis...... for more information on the topic..... call Chidexcyber consult ;+234-08064940749 or; 08028714564 if you arr calling outside Nigeria try to +234

Examine the method used by the colonial masters to penetrate Africa and the resistance in some quarters of Africa

the colonial masters entered their colonies with Gun, and God to extract their gold...... for more information call Chidex on 08064940749

Religion Project Topic: Religion as the Obstacle to the realisation of a classless society: A critique of Karl Marx

Religion is seen as the opium of the masses and have found justification for the oppressed class
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influence of mass media on ebola virus eradication

Ebola virus disease (EVD), Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF), or simply Ebola is a disease of humans and other primates caused by an ebolavirus. Symptoms start two days to three weeks after contracting the virus, with a fever, sore throat, muscle pain and headaches. Typically, vomiting, diarrhea and rash follow, along with decreased functioning of the liver and kidneys. Around this time, affected people may begin to bleed both within the body and externally

STRATEGIES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGAINST FOOD PACKAGING WASTES IN ENUGU STATE

STRATEGIES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGAINST FOOD PACKAGING WASTES IN ENUGU STATE

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION 

Background of the Study.

Food packaging materials can be seen as means of food preservation and protection. Dele (2012) stated that food packaging materials provide a means to preserve, protect, merchandise, market and distribute foods. According to Wikipedia (2013), food packaging provides protection, tampering resistance, and special physical, chemical, or biological needs. World packaging organisation (WPO, 2012), stated that food packaging is an essential medium for preserving the food quality and minimising food wastage. The packaging serves the important function of containing the food, protecting against chemical and physical damage (Azubuike, 2014).

Generally, the packaging material may either be rigid or flexible. Rigid containers include glass and plastic bottles and jars, cans, pottery, wood boxes, drums, tins, plastic pots and tubes. They give physical protection to the food inside that is not provided by flexible pa4ckaging. Flexible packaging on the other hand is a major group of materials that includes plastic films, papers, foil, some types of vegetable fibres and cloths that can be used to make wrappings, sacks and sealed or unsealed bags.

Despite the importance of food packaging on food preservation, it has been noticed that food packaging materials constitute about eighty percent (80%) wastes in most of the areas in Enugu state. According to Enugu State Ministry of environment and Enugu State Environmental Protection agency (2012), many of the materials found in refuse dumps located in the nooks and crannies of Enugu state are food package waste. These food packaging wastes seen in different refuse dumps include; tins, sachets, plastics among others  

Food packaging materials becomes a waste when their contents (what they are used to protect) have been used, expired or damaged. These food packaging wastes include; tins and cans, sachets, plastics, woods among others littering in our environment. According to Oduma (2013), these food packaging wastes constitutes solid wastes in our environment. He described them to include food packaging waste, household waste like; ashes, broken glasses, papers, old medicine, paper packaging’s, plastic materials, timber, metal scraps, abandoned clothings, cellophane bags, construction or demolition debris, abandoned scraped or discarded motor vehicles etc.

When wastes are not properly handled or disposed, they have adverse or harmful effect on human health and also constitute environmental, social and economic hazard (Oduma, 2013). The uncontrolled fermentation of garbage creates a source of food and habitat for bacterial growth. In the waste environment, insect, rodents, and some bird species proliferate and acts as passive vectors in the transmission of some infectious diseases. Which include; Cholera, (an acute intestinal infection caused by Vibrio cholera), malaria, respiratory illness, water pollution among others. Indiscriminate disposal of food packaging refuse dumps leads to stinking odour that pollutes the air (oxygen) we breathe. When the environment is littered with filthy materials, the aesthetic beauty of such area is menaced.

Food packaging wastes are highly noticed in the urban areas. The consequence is the pollution of the urban environment and creation of urban slum (Oluka, 2001). In Enugu the capital of Enugu State, indiscriminate disposal of food packaging wastes at roads, streets, street drains, residential halls, and public places are common. And the rate of waste generation supersedes the rate at which they are been evacuated to the permanent disposal site.

Indiscriminate and/or random dumping of wastes at roads, streets, or street drains leads to blockage of roads, streets or water channels thereby hindering smooth flow of traffic within the city. The artificial and natural water ways or drainage systems are blocked with waste materials causing constant accumulation of stagnant water or at times resulting in over flooding of water from its banks. These stagnant water always breeds mosquitoes, and pile up refuse, harbours rodents and disease causing organisms which constitute health hazards. It can be recalled that at the peak of a rainy season in 2012, many homes, farms and landscapes in Enugu State and other States in Nigeria were over flooded with water and were devastated. The situation was not just because of much rainfall but because some drainage ways were blocked with refuses which made the water to overflow its bank. This condition rendered so many people homeless, some lives and properties were also lost. This led to high cost of food items such as yams, cassava, rice, garri, vegetables etc. in the affected areas. Most streets have acquired bad reputations due to indiscriminate dumping of waste materials at times as a result of lack of social discipline or carelessness among both users and collectors of those refuses (Oduma, 2013).

However, proper waste management can transform waste to wealth thereby generating employment and reducing environmental health hazard associated with the indiscriminate dumping of refuse. This can be done through recycling, reusing and recovery among others. Also proper waste management can be done through imposition of sanctions on the companies. It is on this note that the researcher tries to find out strategies for environmental protection against food packaging in Enugu state capital and its environs to foster healthy living of people in the area.  

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Project Topics

1. UTILIZATION OF ICT BASED INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL IN BUSINESS EDUCATION PROGRAMMES IN ANAMBRA STATE

IMPACT OF ADVERTISING ON A NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY OF HACO MOTORCYCLE SPARE PARTS, NNEWI  

2. importance of instructional materials in teaching and learning of economics in secondary schools in ............ your local government 

3. STRATEGIES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGAINST FOOD PACKAGING WASTES IN ENUGU STATE